Stephen Oseana

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The Lady of the Taj Mahal- Arjumand Banu Begum A short Biography Courtesy: Mr. Rashid Patch, former US Marine Corps
Mumtaz Mahal, meaning “beloved ornament of the palace”) was the name conferred upon Arjumand Banu Begum, Empress of India during the Mughal Dynasty. She was born in Agra, India into a family of Persian nobility, as a daughter of Abdul Hasan Asaf Khan, making her a niece (and later daughter-in-law) of Empress Nur Jehan (who subsequently became the wife of the emperor Jahangir). Her...

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2024-07-20 12:56:08 - Translate -

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Zheng He (1371-1433), the Chinese Muslim Admiral Courtesy: MuslimHeritage.com and IRFI.com
Through his seven voyages of discovery to the West, Zheng He helped transform China into a global power in the fifteenth century. Little did the famous Muslim geographer, Ibn Battuta know, that about 22 years after his historic visit to China, the Mongol Dynasty (called the Yuan Dynasty in China) would be over thrown. The Ming Dynasty (1368 – 1644) would begin. A Muslim boy...

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2024-07-20 12:53:33 - Translate -

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Vienna, The Second Siege - Contributed by Prof. Dr. Nazeer Ahmed, PhD
The rise and fall of societies, nations and civilizations does not take place overnight. Barring natural calamities or invasions, the process takes place over generations. Critical events are like flashes in the panorama of history that show up the stresses built up in societies over a period of time. An observer living in Istanbul in the year 1683 would have been awed by the expanse of the...

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2024-07-20 12:50:23 - Translate -

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The Battle of Lepanto - Contributed by Prof. Dr. Nazeer Ahmed, PhD
In the last third of the 16th century, three critical events had a decisive impact on the course of Islamic history. One was the Battle of Lepanto (1571) fought off the coast of Greece in which the combined navies of the Vatican, Venice and Spain managed to stop the Ottoman navy, slowing the Ottoman advance to the west and denying them access to the Atlantic Ocean and the Americas. The...

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2024-07-20 12:44:39 - Translate -

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Akbar, the Great Moghul Contributed by Prof. Dr. Nazeer Ahmed, PhD
Jalaluddin Muhammed Akbar Padashah Ghazi, as his celebrated biographer Abul Fazal refers to him, was one of the greatest rulers produced by Hindustan. Muslim historians are ambiguous about his rule. Some consider him to be one of the greatest among Muslim rulers, while others look at him as a renegade. In the entire span of fourteen hundred years of Islamic history, no Muslim emperor stretched...

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2024-07-20 12:40:26 - Translate -

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2024-07-20 12:39:57 - Translate -

Babur in Delhi Contributed by Prof. Dr. Nazeer Ahmed, PhD
Zahiruddin Muhammed Babur (1483-1530), founder of the Moghul dynasty in the subcontinent, was a descendant of Timur from his father’s side and of Genghiz Khan from his mother’s side. Since Timur himself was a Tatar and married into a Birlas Turkish family, it may also be claimed that Babur was a Turk. The word Moghul is a Farsi corruption for Mongol, and it stayed with Babur’s...

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2024-07-20 12:38:06 - Translate -

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The Caliphate moves to Istanbul Contributed by Prof. Dr. Nazeer Ahmed, PhD
The Battle of Chaldiran (1514) changed the balance of power in West Asia in favor of the Ottomans. Thereafter, the Safavids were contained within Persia, while the Ottomans held sway in the eastern Mediterranean. Selim I did not press his advantage after the battle and pursue Shah Ismail. The harsh winter in Azerbaijan and the mountains of eastern Anatolia presented serious problems and there...

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2024-07-20 12:34:46 - Translate -

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The Battle of Chaldiran Contributed by Prof. Dr. Nazeer Ahmed, PhD
The Turkish kingdoms of the Kara Kuyunlu and Aq Kuyunlu did not last. One of the reasons for this transience was that their rulers did not establish enduring political and administrative structures to sustain their empires. The Safavids were successful while the Kuyunlus failed because they built a legacy of lasting political and administrative structures. Their imprint on the political,...

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2024-07-20 12:33:12 - Translate -

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2024-07-20 12:32:50 - Translate -

The Emergence of the Safavids Contributed by Prof. Dr. Nazeer Ahmed, PhD
The origins of the Safavid dynasty in Persia must be sought in the folk Islam that developed in the immediate aftermath of the Mongol devastations and in the political convulsions in the border areas of Persia and Anatolia after the Timurid invasions. Between the year 1219 when Genghiz Khan’s troops crossed the Amu Darya in Kazagistan, and 1261 when the Mamlukes finally stopped the Mongol...

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2024-07-14 12:45:20 - Translate -

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Malaysia, Introduction of Islam into Contributed by Prof. Dr. Nazeer Ahmed, PhD
Sandwiched between the island of Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula, the Strait of Malacca is the artery for commerce between China, Japan, India, Arabia and East Africa. In the Middle Ages, these Straits were the hub for trade and commerce just as much as they are today. Riding on the monsoons, ships from as far away as Canton, China visited Malacca from January to May. From July onwards, the...

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